Would like some advice/help regarding an aural hematoma that reoccurred after quilted ear surgery

StephCat

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My cat, Whisky, got an aural hematoma about 5 weeks ago on August 1st. He didn't have any signs of ear infection or ear mites, but he does produce a lot of ear wax. We had the hematoma aspirated/drained 3 times during the first week to try the non-surgical route, which is what the vet advised. She said there was a chance the non-surgical route could work. However, it didn't really work and just kept filling back up completely. When we took Whisky in for that third draining, there was a different (younger) vet at the clinic, and he recommended surgery. I was getting anxious with the non-surgical route not really working, and I agreed surgery was probably the best option.

The aural hematoma surgery was done by that vet the next day on August 8th. It looked pretty bad still, but the stitches (18 in total) were keeping it together somewhat, so I hoped for the best. The slit that was made in the center of the pinna for draining it pretty much closed up immediately and seemed to be useless to the procedure. His ear healed okay over the course of about a couple weeks, but it was still pretty swollen, itchy, and red, despite being on oral prednisolone for a couple weeks. He wore a cone, but he got in a couple kicks from his back leg, which made his ear a little more red.

On August 24th, Whisky got little bumps all over his ear where the stitches were. The vet removed the stitches on August 26th and said his ear was reacting to the stitches breaking down. He said he would put a note in his chart to use different stitches for Whisky if he needed another surgery in the future. His ear looked okay and a lot less red at this point, though, despite the bumps, and even though the tissue wasn't held as tightly together as I had hoped, it still looked like a success.

Two days later, on August 28th, the hematoma came back, but it was sort of more toward the less affected side of his pinna, even though there had been stitches throughout his entire pinna. We took him back into the vet, and the vet said he wanted to do another surgery, but this time he would do it under light sedation to avoid the negative effects of full anesthesia. I thought we probably should try again, too, so we scheduled the second surgery for as soon as possible, which was September 3rd.

Over that weekend, his aural hematoma grew a little larger, and I researched as best I could to try to figure out what was best for him. I watched a video from DVM360 where a veterinarian explained that the aural hematoma surgery is pointless without addressing the underlying cause. We knew the aural hematoma had to be from allergies, but we have no idea what he is reacting to. We brought Whisky back in for his second surgery, but I was very worried about doing another surgery, even though it was light sedation. It could harm his kidneys, and if we don't figure out what he's allergic to, then isn't it just going to come back again?

So, the vet said we could hold off on surgery for a day or so, but the longer we wait to do surgery, the worse off his ear will be. The hematoma is obstructing his ear canal. We decided to postpone surgery, and instead we had it drained. This time they injected a steroid into the empty space, as well. We also decided to do an allergy test. They drew his blood and sent it away. It tests for environmental allergens, but not food allergies, because the vet said the food allergy test is very unreliable. We haven't received those results yet, but in the meantime, the vet recommended we try a hydrolyzed diet. We've been feeding Hills z/d canned and dry food since then, slowly transitioning from his old diet, but now his stool is very soft and creamy. Whisky has a history of probable IBD, but his stool was firm on his old diet.

Whisky's hematoma filled up with blood again, and by the second day it was as large as before. It is obstructing his ear canal. We had planned to probably do the surgery that week, but I've been procrastinating and very worried that it will be pointless and harm his kidneys. The vet office didn't call me to reschedule the surgery like I thought they were going to, either, so I've just sort of been stalling since then, trying to see if this new hydrolyzed diet will make any difference in his allergies. However, I don't think the hydrolyzed diet is working since his stool is getting softer and his tummy seems to hurt a lot more than usual, but maybe it's too soon to tell?

I'm not sure what to do next, and I'm scared to make the wrong choice. Thank you for reading all this. Any help, guidance, or advice is welcome.


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FeebysOwner

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Hi and welcome to TCS. Hopefully, with some more time other members will see your post and respond. In the meantime, I searched this site and found a few folks who have dealt with this and will 'tag' them here in the hopes they see they have been tagged and can talk to you about their experiences. Jem Jem , di and bob di and bob , and les26 les26 .
 

silent meowlook

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Hi. What a mess. I am so sorry.

Hematomas of the ear are usually caused by excessive head shaking. So, even though an e collar will prevent self trauma and mutilation of the ear, you can’t stop head shaking.

There is always an underlying cause. It can be severe ear mite infestation, bacterial, or fungal. Getting to the cause is complicated.

Cat ears are super sensitive. Where, on a dog, you might want to flush their ears etc. with a cat you really shouldn’t.

If I was you, I would, first off, use a good flea preventative topical product like the original Revolution, since it also helps with ear mites. Don’t use the Revolution Plus as it has been linked to neurological problems and has additional ingredients that you don’t need.

The first step in any kind of skin/ ear problem is to make sure it isn’t caused by parasites.

Then, honestly, I would get a referral to a dermatologist. I fear if you keep going this route nothing will be resolved.

Has a fungal culture been done on the Waco inside your cats ear to check for any growth? Has any imaging been done? Are they able to visualize the ear drum intact when they look with a scope?
 

di and bob

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I am wondering if they should allow it to drain instead of building up. Like an opening between the stitches or even a tube. The only problem with a tube is it may bother him and cause him to scratch it. All the cats I have had with swelling around the ear didn’t have any special treatment, they were lanced or it burst and it was just allowed to drain. Most were given an antibiotic just in case. I pray his problem resolves!
 
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StephCat

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Hi. What a mess. I am so sorry.

Hematomas of the ear are usually caused by excessive head shaking. So, even though an e collar will prevent self trauma and mutilation of the ear, you can’t stop head shaking.

There is always an underlying cause. It can be severe ear mite infestation, bacterial, or fungal. Getting to the cause is complicated.

Cat ears are super sensitive. Where, on a dog, you might want to flush their ears etc. with a cat you really shouldn’t.

If I was you, I would, first off, use a good flea preventative topical product like the original Revolution, since it also helps with ear mites. Don’t use the Revolution Plus as it has been linked to neurological problems and has additional ingredients that you don’t need.

The first step in any kind of skin/ ear problem is to make sure it isn’t caused by parasites.

Then, honestly, I would get a referral to a dermatologist. I fear if you keep going this route nothing will be resolved.

Has a fungal culture been done on the Waco inside your cats ear to check for any growth? Has any imaging been done? Are they able to visualize the ear drum intact when they look with a scope?

Thank you so much for all this help and advice!

Neither vet mentioned treating for fleas, ear mites, or any ear infection, so I'm glad you've brought these up as things to consider.

They did look inside his ear with a scope a couple of times, but they didn't say anything about what they saw. I'm assuming this means his ear drum was fine. I'll call to ask the doctor, though, to see if he was actually able to visualize the ear drum and if it looked normal.

An ear swab sample was taken from Whisky's ears, and they did look at the wax under a microscope, but they did not do a culture. They said his ear wax looked fine, and they didn't say to treat his ears. After the second aural hematoma appeared, they did another swab, and the vet tech said there was "maybe 1+ bacteria," which the doctor said was fine since the tech used the word "maybe" and sounded unsure, as if there were very little. My other cat has had chronic ear infections over the last several months, though, and they have never suggested doing a culture for him, either. First, we tried Tresaderm, and the infection came back. Then we tried Animax, and the infection came back. Currently, we are on day 7 of using Posatex (which is being used off-label since it's supposed to be for dogs in the U.S.), and I guess we'll see if the infection comes back this time. Now that you've mentioned a culture, I wonder why they didn't do that in the first place, and it seems like a logical step they've missed.

Also, when the vet took the wax sample from Whisky's ear, he didn't really go inside his ear canal to collect it with the swab, and I did think maybe the sample wasn't going to be good enough. I didn't question it, though, and I hadn't thought about it again until now. Upon further research, I'm seeing a proper sample needs to be obtained by inserting the swab deep into the canal to at least the vertical and horizontal ear canal junction in order to obtain a representative sample. Information found here: Ear Cytology: Sampling, Processing, and Microscopic Evaluation

So, now I'm unsure if Whisky has had an ear infection (bacteria or yeast or both) all along. The wax was a light brown color, though, so it did look subjectively fine, but he does have quite a bit of ear wax normally. I've heard having a lot of ear wax can be a sign of an allergy, and I think it also makes infections more likely. This is something to definitely look into further.

I actually did just give Whisky a dose of Revolution Plus a few days ago. I was not aware of the extra precautions and side effects for neurological issues while using the Plus version. Thank you for bringing that to my attention, and I will definitely ask for the regular Revolution from now on. I only give one or maybe two doses in the summer to prevent fleas, and I actually had not given him any yet this year before the first aural hematoma appeared. I did find one flea on my other cat about 3 weeks ago, and I treated him, but I avoided treating Whisky since he had just had surgery. I was worried about him having too many medications and overwhelming his organs, especially his kidneys. He had the anesthesia meds, prednisolone, and Zorbium for pain. I didn't even think of a flea allergy as a possible cause of his aural hematoma until a few days ago, but now I'm thinking you could definitely be onto something. I hate that neither vet he saw at the clinic mentioned fleas as a possibility of his allergy. Whisky also had two scabs on his tummy that I showed to the doctor about a week ago. He didn't know what they were from but said they didn't feel hard like a mast cell tumor (which Whisky had before), so he said we could just put a little Animax on the scabs if we wanted. He didn't mention fleas or any possible cause, and now I'm pretty certain the scabs had to be from flea bites, and Whisky must be allergic, because these scabs were almost a centimeter in diameter.

Thank you so much for putting all these puzzle pieces together for me. The doctors do seem to have missed considering all the angles since they've just been focused on treating the hematoma itself and only mentioned food and environmental allergies (like pollen). They did say they would give me a referral to a dermatologist, but they said those appointments are about one month out, which is why we did the blood test for environmental allergies with this regular vet and not the dermatologist. I think a flea allergy could definitely be the cause, or at least be contributing, as well as having a possible ear infection of some kind that was missed.

Hopefully the Revolution I gave for fleas will help, and now I'm thinking I should just treat Whisky's ear with medicine since I have 3 kinds on hand from my other kitty. It will be difficult to get the ear medicine into his ear, though, since his aural hematoma is blocking his ear canal, but I think I can manage. I did just check his wax with a swab, and it has turned very dark now. I think if he didn't have an infection before, he probably has one now since his ear canal doesn't really have much air flow and is probably accumulating moisture.

Do you think maybe I should go with the second surgery? I'm worried his pinna will be permanently thickened and cover his ear canal. I don't know if that would actually be the case, though, but the doctor does want to do the surgery to prevent obstruction to his canal. I'm also worried about doing a second surgery, even if it's just "light sedation," this close to his previous surgery.

Thank you again for all your help!
 
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StephCat

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I am wondering if they should allow it to drain instead of building up. Like an opening between the stitches or even a tube. The only problem with a tube is it may bother him and cause him to scratch it. All the cats I have had with swelling around the ear didn’t have any special treatment, they were lanced or it burst and it was just allowed to drain. Most were given an antibiotic just in case. I pray his problem resolves!

Thank you so much for this insight and sharing your experience! That is definitely more to think and talk about. I'm glad your cats did fine with very little treatment at all. That's reassuring that even if we don't do anything further maybe it will turn out okay and heal on its own. I only worry that because it's blocking his ear canal, it might continue to block the canal even after it's healed.

Before the surgery was done, I had a long chat with the doctor to talk about the best techniques for his aural hematoma. The way he does it is cut a slit in the center to allow it to drain and then stitch around the slit in a quilt-like pattern, being careful to try to avoid any blood vessels. He thinks this is the best way. However, the slit he cut just ended up healing pretty much immediately and didn't really drain the hematoma any further. I have researched other techniques, and some doctors cut an elliptical incision or punch a hole in the tissue so that it definitely stays open for draining. Maybe we could think about something like that. He did mention that some doctors use tubes, but he doesn't think it's tolerated very well and they scratch at it and shake their head more, like you were saying.

Do you think I should go ahead with the second surgery even though it's only been about 4 weeks since the first one? I'm worried about potential kidney damage and also worried it won't even work if we don't figure out what's causing it to begin with, but I also worry that it's blocking his ear canal.
 

silent meowlook

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Honestly, I wouldn’t treat the ears with anything right now other than what was prescribed. If the ear from isn’t intact, there are meds that shouldn’t be down it.
I personally would try to book an appointment with the dermatologist asap.
As for repeating the surgery, ask what is going to be done differently this time.
 

les26

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I am just seeing this now, yes years ago Simba had something similar on his one ear, and he was (and still is!) older and we remember him having to be netted years ago to take to the vet because he was like a wildcat so I posted it on here and Di & Bob I remember said to just leave it alone, she wouldn't put him through anything either and it just seemed to heal on it's own. His ear is still flapped down from it but he doesn't mind it and it never really bothered him after that. We are trying to remember the details of it and Deb says she remembers a lump on it and that "he shook his head a lot". We read and were told that vets can drain them but we didn't want to put him through anything, he used to get really wild, and like Di & Bob said in the above post we just "waited and watched" and he was okay, but you have more going on with your cat because of the surgery, but if what I'm saying helps you in any way I would be happy, sorry I can't add more!

Best of luck with it, I'm sure things will straighten out for you all!!
 
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StephCat

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Honestly, I wouldn’t treat the ears with anything right now other than what was prescribed. If the ear from isn’t intact, there are meds that shouldn’t be down it.
I personally would try to book an appointment with the dermatologist asap.
As for repeating the surgery, ask what is going to be done differently this time.
Thank you so much! I have good news.

The surgery would have been the same. I decided to skip it based on yours and di and bob's feedback here. I actually scheduled the surgery twice and then cancelled it twice, because the vet was so insistent it was the best option. Then I decided to ask for it to be drained one more time, but this time injected with a different steroid. Instead of dexamethasone, I requested triamcinolone. I found a study saying veterinarians are using that one more often these days. Of course, my vet didn't carry it, but they ordered it for me, and it came in one day. We had the ear drained/aspirated and then injected with the triamcinolone, and the hematoma started going down immediately! By day two, it was completely shriveled and attaching to the cartilage, just as I'd hoped. I think it's a stronger steroid. According to the study I found, it only needs to be injected once every 7 days, whereas dexamethasone needs to be injected every single day (which I was not doing nor advised to do!).

We did go ahead and do some blood allergy testing after you recommended it, and the vet said the environmental allergens revealed in the test are pretty reliable, but the food allergens that pop up on the test are not. The allergy test came back, and it saids he's allergic to a lot of things: Arizona Cypress, Careless/Pigweed, D. farinae (dust mites), English Plantain, German Cockroach, and Olive Ragweed Mix. In addition, he is borderline or cross-reactive for these allergens: Alder, Dog, Storage Mite (Acarus siro), Goldenrod, and Waterhemp. There was no good treatment for the allergies, though, except the company that did the testing, called Nextmune, does give you desensitization drops that you can try which may improve symptoms over the course of several months. Of course, that does nothing to help with any allergy causing an issue now.

Interestingly, he did not test positive for a flea allergy, and I think that has to be what the aural hematoma was caused from to begin with. In the future, I will make sure to give him Revolution (original) before fleas come into season.

Thank you so much for your help! I would have done the surgery again if not for the advice here, which could've damaged his kidneys.
 
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StephCat

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As the ear heals, the swelling will go down and unblock the ear. Right now, I would ask the vet if you can wait a few weeks and see how it goes.
Good news! I followed your advice, and despite the pressure from his vet to do another surgery, I requested a different steroid injection along with draining it again, and it worked! I just replied above about the details of that.

The ear canal is open now, just as you thought! Although it is not perfect, I feel like surgery probably wouldn't have done a better job. It looks good enough to not encourage any moisture in there, so I don't think it will be a problem in the future. Whisky is doing really well so far with how it is. It is still slightly itchy, but not much, and I hope that will decrease as time goes on and it heals more.

Thank you so much for your input and advice. It really helped me make the correct decision for my boy :)



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StephCat

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I am just seeing this now, yes years ago Simba had something similar on his one ear, and he was (and still is!) older and we remember him having to be netted years ago to take to the vet because he was like a wildcat so I posted it on here and Di & Bob I remember said to just leave it alone, she wouldn't put him through anything either and it just seemed to heal on it's own. His ear is still flapped down from it but he doesn't mind it and it never really bothered him after that. We are trying to remember the details of it and Deb says she remembers a lump on it and that "he shook his head a lot". We read and were told that vets can drain them but we didn't want to put him through anything, he used to get really wild, and like Di & Bob said in the above post we just "waited and watched" and he was okay, but you have more going on with your cat because of the surgery, but if what I'm saying helps you in any way I would be happy, sorry I can't add more!

Best of luck with it, I'm sure things will straighten out for you all!!
Thank you so much! Your stories were definitely helpful, and I went ahead and followed the advice to forgo surgery. I'm so glad I did. I posted some updates and pictures above if you'd like to see the end result of not doing surgery. Instead, I had it drained one more time and this time had it injected with a different (and I think stronger?) steroid, triamcinolone, that I found out about from a research study that might work better. It did work!
 
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